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obstacles. It turned out that this test which took about two minutes to complete was uncannily accurate at predicting whether or not a cadet
succeeded, far exceeding West Point s complex set of predictive criteria, including IQ, psychological test results, grade-point average, and
physical fitness. The grit test has since been used to predict success in schools, business, and a variety of other settings.
Grit isn t inborn. It s developed, like a muscle, and that development starts with awareness. To take Duckworth s test, do a computer search for
Grit Survey (or go directly to www. authentichappiness . sas. upenn. edu/ tests/ SameAnswers/ t.aspx? id= 1246). Take the test and use your score as a
way to reflect on the role of this quality in your life. For instance, when you hit an obstacle, how do you react? Do you tend to focus on a long-term
goal, or move from interest to interest? What are you seeking in the long run? Begin to pay attention to places in your life where you ve got grit, and
celebrate them in yourself and others.
TIP #51
KE E P Y OUR BIG GOALS S E CRE T
While it s natural and oh so tempting to want to announce big goals, it s smarter to keep them to yourself. In a 2009 experiment at New York
University, 163 subjects were given a difficult work project and forty-five minutes to spend on it. Half the subjects were told to announce their goals,
while half were told to keep quiet. The subjects who announced their goals quit after only an average of thirty-three minutes, and reported feeling
satisfied with their work. Those who kept their mouths shut, however, worked the entire forty-five minutes, and remained strongly motivated. (In fact,
when the experiment ended, they wanted to keep working.)
Telling others about your big goals makes them less likely to happen, because it creates an unconscious payoff tricking our brains into thinking
we ve already accomplished the goal. Keeping our big goals to ourselves is one of the smartest goals we can set.
TIP #52
THINK LIKE A GARDE NE R, W ORK LIKE A CARP E NTE R
We all want to improve our skills quickly today, if not sooner. But the truth is, talent grows slowly. You would not criticize a seedling because it was
not yet a tall oak tree; nor should you get upset because your skill circuitry is in the growth stage. Instead, build it with daily deep practice.
To do this, it helps to think like a gardener and work like a carpenter. I heard this saying at Spartak. Think patiently, without judgment. Work
steadily, strategically, knowing that each piece connects to a larger whole.
GLOSSARY
Deep practice (n), also called deliberate practice: The form of learning marked by 1) the willingness to operate on the edge of your ability, aiming
for targets that are just out of reach, and 2) the embrace of attentive repetition.
Ignition (n): The motivational process that occurs when your identity becomes linked to a long-term vision of your future. Triggers significant
amounts of unconscious energy; usually marked by the realization That is who I want to be.
Reach (v): The act of stretching slightly beyond your current abilities toward a target, which causes the brain to form new connections. Reaching
invariably creates mistakes, which are the guideposts you use to improve the next attempt.
Rep (n, abbreviation for repetition): The act of attentively repeating an action, often with slight variances at gradually increasing difficulty, which
causes the brain s pathways to increase speed and improve accuracy.
Rule of Ten Thousand Hours (n): The scientific finding that all world-class experts in every field have spent a minimum of ten thousand hours
intensively practicing their craft. While this number is sometimes misinterpreted as a magical threshold, in reality it functions as a rule of thumb
underlining a larger truth: Greatness is not born, but grown through deep practice, no matter who you are.
Shallow practice (n): The opposite of deep practice, marked by lack of intensity, vagueness of goal, and/or the unwillingness to reach beyond [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]